define HOT_BACK_DIR = '&backup_directory'
define SCRIPT_FILE =  '&script_file'

column F_HOT_BACK_DIR new_value HOT_BACK_DIR
select  nvl('&HOT_BACK_DIR','/backup') F_HOT_BACK_DIR from dual;
select '&HOT_BACK_DIR' "BACKUP DIRECTORY" from dual;

column F_SCRIPT_FILE new_value SCRIPT_FILE
select  nvl('&SCRIPT_FILE','backup.sql') F_SCRIPT_FILE from dual;
select '&SCRIPT_FILE' "SCRIPT FILE" from dual;

set feedback off 
set heading off
set pagesize 0
set linesize 128
set verify off
set termout oN
set echo off
set trims on

spool &SCRIPT_FILE

select 'set echo on' from dual;
select 'connect / as sysdba' from dual;

-- make a binary backup of the controlfile
select 'alter database backup controlfile to  ''&HOT_BACK_DIR/controlfile.ctl'';' from dual;

-- make a ascii script backup of controlfile
select 'alter database backup controlfile to trace; ' from dual;

-- the ascii backup is written udump
-- the following tries to receate the full path and name
-- of the trace file containing the controlfile backup 
-- so we can copy it to the backup directory
prompt column tracefile new_value trace_file
prompt select
prompt      (select value from v$parameter where name='user_dump_dest')||'/'||
prompt      (select lower(value) from v$parameter where name='db_name')||
prompt      '_ora_' || p.spid ||'.trc' tracefile
prompt from
prompt       v$process p,
prompt       v$session s
prompt where s.paddr = p.addr
prompt   and s.sid = ( select distinct sid from v$mystat)
prompt /
prompt

-- outputs "!cp &trace_file /backup'
-- which when run in the output script, copies 
-- the tracefile with the controlfile script to the backupdir
select '!cp ' ||Chr(38)|| 'trace_file' || '  &HOT_BACK_DIR/control.trc'  from dual;
select '!cat ' ||Chr(38)|| 'trace_file' || ' | awk "/current/,/OFF/{ print}" | grep -v "^#"   > &HOT_BACK_DIR/control.sql'  from dual;

-- Create Script to backup actual files to a directory
-- we want to go through all the tablespaces one by one
-- put then in backup mode
-- copy and compress the copy of each datafile in tablespace
-- and the take the tables out of backu mode
-- I do this by selecting  each tablespace twice
-- once with begin backup, once with end backup
-- and then I union select copy datafiles to backup
-- all of this is put into the write order
-- by a sort on "c1" which is a comment field containing
-- the tbalespace name and action  beg,copy,end
-- which when sorted comes out in the right order

select 
   '/* '||tablespace_name||' beg */' c1,
   'alter tablespace '|| tablespace_name||' begin backup;' c2
 from dba_tablespaces
  where CONTENTS != 'TEMPORARY'
    union all
select 
   '/* '||tablespace_name||' copy */' c1,
   '!cat '||file_name||' | compress > &HOT_BACK_DIR' || '/' ||
       substr(file_name,instr(rtrim(file_name),'/',-1,1)+1,length(rtrim(file_name)))||
       '.Z' c2
 from dba_data_files
    union all
 select 
    '/* '||tablespace_name||' end */' c1,
   'alter tablespace '|| tablespace_name||' end backup;' c2
from dba_tablespaces
  where CONTENTS != 'TEMPORARY'
order by  c1
/

select 'alter system switch logfile;' from dual;

select 
        '!cp '|| member || '  &HOT_BACK_DIR  '
        from v$logfile;

--select 'exit' from dual;
spool off